Illustrative image. (Ministry of Strategic Industries of Ukraine)
Ukraine is increasingly using jet-powered drone-missile hybrids like the “Peklo” and “Palianytsia” in attacks on Russian territories.
The cities of Donetsk and Makiivka were attacked with Peklo and Palianytsia drones, among other weapons, including United States-made ADM-160 MALD (Miniature Air-Launched Decoy) on September 8. The very next day, an attack was launched against the Crimean Peninsula. A jet-powered drone, most likely a Peklo or a Palianytsia, was shot down over the Black Sea.
The Peklo and Palianytsia were both developed by the Ukrainian Defense Industry, which is more known as Ukroboronprom.
The Palianytsia was the first to be unveiled in August of last year. Later in December, Peklo was unveiled. At the time, it was reported that the Peklo was developed on the basis of Palianytsia. The two drones were first presented by Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy.
Both drones are propelled by turbojet engines. They also both rely mainly on GPS-aided inertial navigation systems for guidance.
The Palianytsia has a range of 650 kilometers, a speed of up to 900 kilometers per hour and carries a warhead weighing around 50 kg. Meanwhile, the Peklo is reported to have a range of 700 kilometers and a maximum speed of 700 kilometers per hour. It carries a warhead within the same weight class as the Palianytsia.
These specifications are questionable, especially considering that these drones have not been yet used to strike deeper into Russia.
Such jet-powered drones are easier to manufacture than cruise missiles. However, unlike cruise missiles they can’t follow terrain or fly on extremely low altitudes for most of their course. They are also not that accurate in most cases. Still, due to their higher speed and smaller radar signature they pose a real challenge to air defenses.
Russia is already mass producing its own jet-powered missile-drone hybrid, the Geran-3 which is said to be a Russian copy of the Shahed-238.
The Geran-3, which is propelled by a turbojet engine, is reported to have a range of 2,000-2,500 kilometers and can climb to an altitude of up to nearly ten kilometers. Its turbojet engine produces a maximum speed of up to 600 kilometers per hour. The drone is typically armed with a warhead weighing 50-90 kg.
As for now, the production of the Peklo and Palianytsia appears to be limited. However, attacks with these drones are already increasing. Russian air defenses and electronic warfare means will have to quickly adapt to this new threat, as they did to many before.
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